Fuel-injection device for internal-combustion engines



March. 20, 192s.

E. voN sALls' l FUEL 'INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES criginal Filed Nov.4 1 2, 1924` y INVENTOR Mmm BY @wir ATTORNZY:

Patented Mar. 20, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,663,470 PATENT OFFICE.

BROS-DIESEL ENGINE` COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS,

MISSOURI.

MISSOURI, A CORPORATION 0F FUEL-INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION' ENGINE-S.

Application led November 12, 1924, Serial No. 749,375, andjinswitzerland. December 11, 1928.

Renewed July 25, 1927.

The invention relates to so-called airless injection engines and its Objectis to provide an airless fuel injection device having associated therewith an accumulator subject to the pressure of the fuel and adapted and arranged to exercise also another function or functions. The invention isA an improvement on the fuel injection device disclosed in the yapplication of Eduard von Salis, Serial Number 747 ,706, filed Nov. 4, l1924, but differs therefrom in that no sprin other than the accumulator spring itself ls'required, and in that the construction is such that increase of fuel pressure on the accumulator spring presses the valve the more tightly on its seat. The device possesses other distinctive advantages hereinbelow ointed out or made apparent to those skille in the art.

Referringr to the drawing the single figure .is a vertical section through the preferred form of thefuel injection device, a conventional fuel pump being shown on reduced scale in elevation. i

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the cylinder 1 is provided with the usual cavity for the reception of the fuel injection device having the two part valve casing 2, 3, the member 2 of which conf tains t-he fuel injection opening 5 to the cylinder or to a precombustion chamber served through piping and ducts 6 by the usual pump 7 adapted to give variable delivery to suit current engine requirements. The injection o ening 5, which may be, but need not be, t e injection nozzle or final outlet to the engine cylinder is controlled by the needle valve 8, preferably, though not necessarily, of the spring-closed and fuel-pressure-opened type, and whose stem 9 is shownL as enclosed by an accumulator plunger-sleeve 10 slidable with respect to and closely lfitting both the stem 9 and a cavity in the member 2 of the valve casing. A spring 11, both ends of which in the preferred form are movable, and which constitutes both the accumulator` spring and the sole active means for closing the valve and for holding it on its seat, is centered by and reacts between the abutment 12 slidable in the bore of the member 3 of the valve casing and the flange 13 of the sleeve 14 screw threaded to the accumulator plunger-sleeve, and by thrusting against both holds the valve 8 normally closed. The annular shoulders 15 of the sleeve 14 and 16 of the .valve stem 9 co-act to this end. The baclethrust of the spring 11 is transmitted by the sliding abut ment 12 to the intermediate lever 17 mounted on the valve casing and carrying the antifriction roller 18 through which it in turn transmits the thrust to the arm 19 of the cam lever 20 4alsovpivotally mounted yon the top of the valve Casin(1V and whose arm 20' bears upon the end ofa the extended valve stem 9 thereby preventing opening of the valve by fuel pressure on, the shoulder 21 except` when the mechanical obstruction just described is removed by action of the cam 22 on the cam roller-28 of the lever 19, 20. This release putsy the accumulator spring under still further com ression, but

occurring at a time when the uel pressure has raised the accumulator plunger so as to disengage the shoulder 15 from the shoulder 16 leaves the valve free for fuel pressure opening, whereupon the accumulator lunger gives a quick sharp injection of the uel and again closes the valve through action of the shoulders 15, 16.

It will be seen that by this construction danger of premature opening of the valve, which otherwise might occur if the normally permissible oil pressure were exceeded before the fuel valve was unblocked, is obviated Without the necessity for using a second spring, and that increase of fuel pressure instead of reducing the spring pressure available to hold the valve to its seat, as in the embodiment of the `other application 4above referred to, increases the pressure having that effect. The device is also pro vided in the sleeve-extension 24 with stop means cooperating with the abutment 12 and associated lever mechanism for limiting the extent of spring compression to a permissible maximum and for thereafter positively holding the valve on its seat even under the most extreme fuel pressure conditions or when the charge completely lls the fuel chamber, enlarged to the fullest extent, and the associated ducts. It will be understood thata change of tension of the accumulator spring may be effected in any of several ways, for example by arranging an adjusting device on the lever 17 or a set screw on the arm 19 of the lever 20.

' The pressure surface of the plunger available to effect its outward movement exceeds that of the valve, so that there is no possibility ofthe latter rising at the same time as the former, or before the accumulated energy-has reached the requisite high point, and

this notwithstanding that the value has a favorable leverage on the spring in lever 17.

The foregoing description in detail of the form of the device illustrated must not be regarded as limiting the invention beyond its true scope which is designed to be set forth in the claims, since it is recognized that the invention may be otherwise embodied.

I claim:

l. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, and an accumulator subject to pressure of the fuel charge and operatively connected to said valve so as to press it the more tightly on its seat the higher the accumulator pressure rises.

2. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, ai valve controlling said opening, means for opening said valve, means temporarily blocking the valve against openin and an accumulator having a plunger su ject to the pressure ofthe fuel charge and acting simultaneously as an accumulator and to seat said valve.

3. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fue injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means for opening said valve, means for blocking the valve against opening, means for unblocking the valve, and an accumulator subject to pressure of the fuel charge` and operative connections between said accumulator and said blocking means, and through said blocking means to the valve, said accumulator acting simultaneously as an accumulator and through said connections, to urge the blocking means toward blocking -position and the valve toward its seat.

4. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, an accumulator subject to pressure of the fuel charge, 'two means of operative connection between the accumulator and the valve, one of them interrupted on accumulator compression, and cam operated means for controlling the other.

5. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means for opening said valve, means for temporarily blockin the valve against opening, means for un locking the valve, andan accumulator subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, operative connections beinjection opening,

tween said accumulator and the valve blocking means exerting back pressure of the accumulator thereon, and other operative connections between the accumulator and the valve exerting return pressure of the accumulator thereon, said accumulator being adapted to act as an accumulator and also by virtue of said connections as a means for urging the blocking means into blocking position, and as a seater for the valve.

6. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means for opening said valve, means for temporaily blocking the valve against opening, including a cam lever, a cam adapted to actuate said leve-r to unblock the valve, and an accumulator spring subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, operatively connected to the valve blocking means and acting simultaneously as an accumulator, to seat said valve, and to urge the cam lever toward the cam.

7. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means temporarily blocking the valve against opening, an accumulator subject tothe pressure of the fuel charge and on its compression movement acting simultaneously as an accumulator and as means for urging the blocking means toward blocking position, and operative connections between said accumulator and blocking means 1 through which the accumulator acts.

.8. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel chamber having a fuel injection opening, an accumulator plunger subject to pressure of the fuel, and a valve controlling said opening and acting as a stop for the accumulator in both directions of its movement.

9. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means for blocking the valve against opening, means for unblocking the valve, an accumulator spring subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, means for compressing both ends of the accumulator spring at the moment of unblocking the valve, and valve opening means for thereupon releasing the accumulator to its fuel injection stroke.

10. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel a valve controlling said opening, an accumulator plunger subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, a movable abutment for said accumulator receiving the back thrust of the accumulator spring and transmitting it to the valve through operative connections, thereby pressing the fuel valve upon its seat the harder, the higher the accumulator pressure rises.

l1. An airless fuel injection device for lUl) llO

on the limit of compression being reached acting as rigid connections to transmit any further thrust. Y

18. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling vsaid opening, an accumulator plunger and an accumulator spring associated therewith,

the ends of said spring being movable in yopposite directions, and operative connection between both ends of the spring and said valve tending to seat the same.

14. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, and an' accumulator spring subject to the pressure of the fuel charge,

operatively connected to said valve and constituting the sole active means urging the same toward its seat.

15. An lairless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines, removable and replaceable as a unit in the cylinder Wall and having a valve casing, a fuel chamber therein having a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, an accumulator plunger and spring surrounding said valve in said casing, said spring acting against a movable back-thrust plate in the casing and a lever transmission for transmitting said back-thrust from said plate to the valve.

16. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, means for opening said valve, means temporarily blocking the valve against opening, an accumulator spring, both ends of which are movable, and one. end of Which is subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, means for transferring the movement of the other end of the spring to said blocking means While by virtue of movement of the end first named it is acting as an accumulator. v

17. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising an injection valve, an accumulator spring subject to the pressure of the fuel charge, a valve lever, and a cam, the valve lever being urged toward the cam by the accumulator.

18. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, a valve-seatingv and valveblocking accumulator associated with the valve,I and adapted to be displaced by the fuel to store up energy, and engine driven means for periodically unblocking the valve from the accumulator ata time when the pressure of the fuel has otherwise freed the valve from valve seating pressure of the accumulator. v

19. An airlessfuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a fuel-pressureopened valve controlling said opening, means blocking said valve against opening by fuel pressure, and an accumulator subject to the pressure of the fuel and adapted to act simultaneously as an accumulator and to urge the blocking means into position to block the valve.

20. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said openin and an accumulator spring subject to disp acement by pressure of the fuel and acting on the valve to seat the same While acting as an accumulator.

21. In an airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines, a valve member controlling a fuel injection opening, an accumulator spring initlally loading said valve and subject to displacement by pressure of the fuel, means for opening the valve, means operatively connected to the accumulator spring for blocking the valve against opening, and engine operated means for unblocking the valve and putting the accumulator under further compression as it unloads the accumulator from the valve.

22. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines having a fuel injection opening, a valve memberl controlling said opening, an accumulator spring both of Whose ends are movable by the application of pressure thereto, means to apply fuel pressure to one end, engine driven cam means for periodically applying pressure to the other end, and meansfor opening the valve during such periodic application.

23. An airless fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a v fuel inject-ion opening, a valve controllingY said opening, an accumulator spring subject to displacement by pressure of the fuel, and means for compressing both ends of the accumulator spring at the moment of its release to its injection stroke.

24. A fuel injection device for internal combustionengines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve controlling said opening, an accumulator spring operativelyT connected to the valve and subject to displacement by fuel pressure, both ends of said spring being movable, and acting simultaneously as an accumulator and to seat Jthe valve.

25. An airless fuell injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel chamber having a valve-controlled injection opening, an accumulator plunger and a valve 1n said fuel chamber, both subject to movement by the fuel pressure, and a single sprin means acting to restrain Such movement, t `e pressure area of the plunger exceeding that of the valve.

26, A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve seat surrounding said o Y ning, a valve seating thereon, an accumu ator subject to displacementby fuel, and

means of connection between the accumulator accumulation' of energy.

29. A fuel injection device according to claim 26 in which there is an engine driven cam and a cam lever coacting therewith and in which the accumulator is operative on the cam lever during the release of accumulated energy to urge it toward the cam.

30. .A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve seat surrounding said opening, a valve seating thereon, an accumulat'or subject to displacement by fuel, a valve-blocking connection from the accumulator to the valve, a lever in said connection, and means for opening the valve.

31. A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel inject-ion opening, a, valve seat surrounding said opening, a valve seating thereon, and an accumulator subject to displacement by fuel and operatively connected to said valve so as to press it the more tightly on its seat the higher the accumulator pressure rises.

32. A fuel injection device for internalv combustion engines comprising a fuel injection opening, a valve seat surrounding said opening, a valve seating thereon, an accumulator subject to displacement by fuel and operatively connected to said valve, a valveblocking connection from the accumulator to the valve whereby the accumulator presses the valve the more tightly on its seat the higher the accumulator pressure rises, means for periodically unblocking the valve, and means for opening the valve.

33. A. fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel injec-v tion opening, a valve seat surrounding said opening, a valve seating thereon, an accumulator spring loading the valve and subject to displacement by fuel, a valve-blocking connection from t e accumulator to the valve, means for periodically unblocking the valve, and means for opening the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification.

EDUARD von sALIs. 

